The Common Nighthawk Is the Cool City Bird You鈥檝e Been Missing

Here's how to find out if one's nesting by you鈥攁nd what to do if one isn't.

Picture me in my 1970s-style apartment, relaxing in a sunken living room with my rabbit, listening to Common Nighthawks buzz over Minneapolis. That was the scene last June when I noticed a pair of odd-sounding nighthawks off my deck. Lo and behold, there were two immature birds with boomerang-like wings, trailing behind a darker adult.

That made me wonder: Were there nighthawks squatting on my building? The species often nests on gravel in cities鈥攕imilar to the flat, rock, dirt, and sand expanses they use in wilder settings. I couldn鈥檛 access my roof without permission, so I had to gather evidence in other ways. I checked out the satellite view on Google Maps and was delighted to discover that my building had a gravel top. What鈥檚 more, it was the only one on the block that did. The birds had to be nesting right above me.

Common Nighthawks hold a special place in my heart; they were one of the first species I identified on my own as a kid. They鈥檙e also very adaptable and quirky. The birds breed all over the United States and much of Canada, typically from May through August. Their cryptic plumage keeps them hidden during the day, but they鈥檙e noticeable at dusk, when they issue their 听in flight.听(When I did bird surveys in Texas, though, they called and displayed most anytime.) Their tiny beaks hide huge mouths, which they use to scoop up insects as they zoom around on white-banded wings. In fall, gigantic swirling flocks of nighthawks migrate to South America鈥攁 spectacular evening sight in both cities and the countryside.

But nothing beats the male鈥檚 mating display in spring. As the nighthawk starts calling at dusk, it dives deep, allowing the air to pass through their wing feathers makes and make . (I think it sounds like .) The male will swoop repeatedly over the female during courtship and while she鈥檚 incubating. The nest is as basic as it gets: As long as the substrate matches the color of the eggs, nighthawks will just plop their eggs down on open ground. The chicks hatch about 18 days later, and usually take their first flight another 18 days after that.

Sadly, this behavior is becoming harder to find in cities and smaller towns.听Nighthawks have experienced up to in the last 50 years. Factors may include pesticides, which affect their purely insect-based diets, and a rising trend in rubber roofs, which don鈥檛 offer the same camouflage as gravel. On rubber, the mottled brown and white chicks are more vulnerable to thriving predators like crows and Peregrine Falcons. Early surveys of听introduced-Peregrine nests in downtown Minneapolis and St. Paul have 鈥攖he remains of the raptors' dinners.

Which makes a nighthawk sharing my address all the more exciting. As soon as one began displaying this month, I headed down to our building manager鈥檚 office to see if I could visit the roof. Katie is a friendly person, but I was still surprised by her response. 鈥淟et鈥檚 go right now!鈥 she said.

As we climbed over pipes and solar panels, I gave Katie the rundown on nighthawks and how they were in dire straits. Suddenly, she asked, 鈥淚s this it?鈥

Twenty feet away was an incubating nighthawk splayed out on the gravel.听We took a few pictures with our phones and my scope and left with a plan to visit in two weeks to check for chicks. In the meantime, she said she鈥檇 hold off on roof-maintenance work for a month to allow the birds to raise their young in peace.

It all goes to show, it鈥檚 worth looking out for nighthawks鈥攂oth in the twilit skies and on your roofs. If you see an active one and suspect that it鈥檚 nesting in your neighborhood, figure out which buildings have gravel and try to secure access. Sometimes when听you explain that there鈥檚 interesting, protected wildlife involved, the owners and management will want to see it, too. Or find a safe way to view the gravel roof from a taller building next door. Once you spot a听bird on the rocks,听 (20 feet away听or more); you may hear hissing or witness听听after getting听too close.

If your efforts are successful, be sure to log the results. I reported our nesting nighthawk with the breeding code for 鈥渋ncubating bird鈥; this data is essential for tracking the species鈥 imperiled breeding areas across the continent. Finally, once you鈥檝e learned the bird鈥檚 habits, invite friends and neighbors over for a nighthawk tailgate. Grill some food, throw back some beers, and watch the display unfold like fireworks.

If you come up short on nighthawks, use it as an opportunity make your street more attractive for potential nesters. Contact the owners and management of local flat-roofed buildings to ask if they鈥檇 be willing to lay down a small gravel bed. Remember, these birds aren鈥檛 asking for much.